Old Norman

Old Norman
Old Norman
	Duchy of Normandy between 911 and 1050. In blue the areas of intense Norse settlement.
Region	Normandy
Language family	Indo-European Italic Latino-Faliscan Romance Italo-Western Western Romance Gallo-Romance Gallo-Rhaetian (possibly) Oïl Old Norman; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Early forms	Proto-Indo-European Proto-Italic Proto-Latino-Faliscan Old Latin Vulgar Latin Old Gallo-Romance Old French ; ; ; ; ; ;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–
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Old Norman, also called Old Northern French or Old Norman French (Norman: Ancien Normaund), was one of many varieties of the langues d'oïl native to northern France. From the region of what is now called Normandy, the language spread into England, Southern Italy, Sicily and the Levant. It is the ancestor of modern Norman, including the insular dialects (such as Jèrriais), as well as Anglo-Norman. Old Norman was an important language of the Principality of Antioch during Crusader rule in the Levant.^[2]

^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (2022-05-24). "Oil". Glottolog. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Archived from the original on 2022-10-08. Retrieved 2022-10-07.
^ Madden, Thomas F. (12 September 2005). Crusades: The Illustrated History. University of Michigan Press. p. 67. ISBN 978-0-472-03127-6.

[1] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (2022-05-24). "Oil". Glottolog. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Archived from the original on 2022-10-08. Retrieved 2022-10-07.

[Madden2005-2] Madden, Thomas F. (12 September 2005). Crusades: The Illustrated History. University of Michigan Press. p. 67. ISBN 978-0-472-03127-6.

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